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The purpose of the chapter is to describe the concept of conflicts of socio-economic systems on the basis of the theory and methodology of the systemic approach.

The authors use the provisions of the systemic approach.

It is determined that dynamic socio-economic system is susceptible to conflicts, which, according to the Systemic approach, are bifurcation points. The features of conflict that allow defining it as a bifurcation point are its short duration, violation of sustainability of socio-economic system, uncertainty of consequences, influence on the system on the whole (cascade effect), and multiplicity of scenarios of development of socio-economic system after the conflict.

Studying conflict with the help of the theory and methodology of the systemic approach allowed determining the fact that conflict is a violation of order in a socio-economic system (which specifies definition of conflict and its essence) and could be evaluated through the measure of the system’s order (which specifies methodology of conflict evaluation). Moreover, conflict in a socio-economic system emerges not at once – it is accumulated under joint negative influences of internal and external factors. Further, the performed research allows specifying the classification of conflicts, which is offered in previous chapters – according to scenarios of development of socio-economic system after the conflict, normal (leading to normal change of system), abrupt (leading to abrupt change of the system), and attraction (all following states of the system are sustainable) conflicts are possible.

The purpose of the chapter is to study regional (in the global scale) peculiarities of the 2008 global economic crisis and to determine socio-economic systems that are in the phase of crisis (long recession).

The research objects are regional associations of countries according to the classification of the participants of the global economic system of the International Monetary Fund. The research is conducted by aggregation (the method of finding direct average) of the annual growth rate of GDP in constant prices by the selected categories of regional socio-economic systems. Timeframe of the research covers 2006–2018 and the forecast period of 2019–2022. The methodological tools of the research include the methods of horizontal and trend analysis.

It is determined that most developing countries – Commonwealth of Independent States, emerging and developing Asia and Latin America, and the Caribbean – are in a long recession and will overcome the consequences of the crisis only in the mid-term. Developing countries from the categories the Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and sub-Saharan Africa faced a deep and long second wave of the crisis and will have a long recession until 2022. They will overcome it only in the long-term. The only category of developing countries – emerging and developing Europe – despite the general downward trend of GDP in constant prices – shows sustainable development and has already overcome the crisis.

The influence of the global economic crisis on the global economic system through the prism of the regional aspect is specified. It is shown that at present (2018) most regions of the global economic system are covered with crisis and will have long recession until 2022. Developing countries have faced the highest damage from the 2008 crisis, and most of them have the second or even the third wave of crisis.

The purpose of the chapter is to determine specific and common features of social conflicts and economic crises and substantiate the necessity for their complex research within the theory of economic conflicts.

For determining the differences between social conflict and economic crisis, the authors use the methods of deduction and comparative analysis; for determining the common features of conflict and crisis of socio-economic system, the authors use the method of induction, synthesis, analysis of causal connections (logical analysis), and the methodology of the systemic approach. Also, the method of formalization (graphic presentation of authors’ conclusions) is used.

Comparative analysis of conflict and crisis of socio-economic system according to the existing scientific ideas is performed, and it substantiates that traditional differentiation of social conflicts and economic crises contradicts the scientific ideas on integrity of socio-economic systems in the integrity of the public and economic components. Based on the theory of systems, common features of conflict and crisis of socio-economic system are determined. It is shown that conflict is a wider notion than crisis, which is a private manifestation/example of conflict. An algorithm of conflict’s transition into crisis of socio-economic system is presented.

The universal scientific category should be “economic conflict,” which has the features of social conflict and economic crisis. The offered notion specifies the categorical tools of economics and provides a possibility to study previously neglected social effects of crises of economic systems as manifestations of conflicts in them. The obtained conclusions allowed for systematization of scientific knowledge in the sphere of contradictions of socio-economic systems. Due to this, it is possible to study cyclic fluctuations of these systems within multi-disciplinary studies at the joint of social and economic science and within the economic theory.

The purpose of the chapter is to determine social consequences of crises of economic systems and to evaluate the risks of transition of economic crisis from a stimulator of economic development into source of social problems and, in particular, into social crisis.

The authors use the methods of horizontal and trend analysis, as well as the method of regression analysis for determining the dependence of the index of happiness, calculated by the New Economic Foundation, on the growth rate of GDP in current prices according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). In addition to this, regression analysis of dependence of unemployment rate according to the IMF on the index of economy digitization, calculated by Cisco, in 2018 is determined. The objects of the research are the leading developed countries (G7) according to the classification of the IMF and countries of BRICS (as representatives of developing countries).

As a result of the research, it is determined that traditionally studied indirect indicator of social consequences of innovational development of economy after the 2008 crisis – unemployment rate – is not very informative and is less studied; the index of happiness – which describes public moods with high precision – showed reverse dependence on growth of GDP in constant prices and on digitization of economy. The example of the 2008 crisis showed that developed and developing countries had new social problems in the period of post-crisis restoration of economy; these problems became more clearly expressed than in the period of decline. In the mid-term (by 2020–2025), crisis might transform from stimulator of economic development into a source of social problems.

The obtained results emphasize priority of sustainability of development of economic systems in the economic and social aspects.

The purpose of the work is to develop a mechanism of managing the “conflict-free” socio-economic system.

A complex of general scientific methods within the systemic approach (induction, deduction, analysis, and synthesis) and the method of formalization are used.

A mechanism of state management of “conflict-free” socio-economic system is developed, which envisages implementation of three directions: managing internal conflicts, managing innovational development, and managing foreign economic activities. Though practical implementation of this mechanism is possible in any technological mode, the widest possibilities and perspectives for this are opened in the conditions of digital economy. Apart from the digital communications of state and economic subjects (society and business), digital economy allows for full or partial authomatization of managing “conflict-free” socio-economic system on the basis of intellectual technologies and technologies of decision support for state decisions in the sphere of regulation of socio-economic system. At that, it is necessary to pay more attention to the issues of provision of economy’s digital security.

The developed mechanism is to ensure “conflict-free” development of socio-economic system in the long-term. Though it is oriented at the macro-level system (national economy), it could be used for managing the microlevel system, which envisages implementation of the same directions of management with slight correction of tools.

This study aimed to develop a methodological approach to assessing the impact of stakeholders on leadership potential of small and medium-sized construction enterprises.

The research methodology was based on taxonomic analysis to determine the coefficient of leadership potential in the following areas: financial growth of an enterprise, internal processes, human resources development and market potential. The examination process was grounded on the materials from small and medium-sized construction companies located in Russia and China.

Subgroups of companies with positive dynamics of indicators, an unstable situation and negative trends of leadership potential formation are identified. Russian small and medium-sized construction companies prioritize the development of sales policies and the management of internal business processes, while Chinese companies–human potential. The generated regression equations indicate a direct relationship between stakeholder engagement and the leadership potential of construction companies in both countries.

The scientific contribution of this study is the proposed methodological approach to assessing the development of the leadership potential of an enterprise and diagnosing the degree of stakeholders' influence on the latter. This is facilitated by comprehensive analysis, which includes an assessment of leadership potential based on the results of taxonomic analysis, construction of vector diagrams and regression analysis. This study can be useful for persons conducting research in the direction of small and medium-sized business management, forming a strategy for business development and competition policy to form a company's leadership position in the market.